The Other View

Issue No.9 Summer 2002



Lambeg & Bodhrán

By John Nixon

In Armagh we called them the batteries. Drummers would assemble in the gaol square and beat out what seemed to be an incessant barrage of monotone. Like migratory cuckoos they appeared and left at certain times in the year. From the thresholds of Orange halls and across roaring hills the Lambegs beat out litanies of defiance, anger and hate.

They heralded the approach of the marching season and the mad month, a time when protestant neighbours turned cold shoulders to catholic neighbours. The sound of the batteries invoked this subliminal Jekyll and Hyde character of northern protestants. Today it seems the beating is harder. The noise is louder. But these days Lambegs are not just throttled at interfaces by fat men sweating.

After reading Rina Schiller's book The Lambeg and The Bodhran there is more to the Lambeg than meets the ear. Rina is an ethnomusicologist who has studied Irish drums for years. Her book describes every aspect of Lambeg and bodhrán traditions; their construction, the myths and history behind them, how they're played, their relevance and meaning to each community.

The Lambeg and the bodhrán are the only native drums played at present in Ireland. The book is heavily illustrated and this is an asset. Four chapters are devoted to 'the various layers of meaning ascribed to the two drums within present day society'. Other chapters focus on the technical processes of construction, the commonalties and differences and of course their significance in folklore story and song. It is dedicated to the traditional musicians of Ireland. My perception of the Lambeg has changed because of it.

Familiar names from both traditions crop up. Richard and Roly Sterrit from Markethill, the Mecca of Lambeg drumming competitions. The Sterrits are synonymous with Lambegs as Loughgall is with apples. Like many drum makers they combine elements of joinery and woodwork and craft. There is a devotion to the tradition and opportunities to compose verse in its praise:

In the summer of '87 Dick Sterrit brought home some oak.
It was 12 foot long, over one foot wide, and it s purpose was bespoke
A plank of coffin oak it was, for
burying in the ground,
But Dick had another thought for it; to create a beautiful sound.
It was American red oak, grown through wind and rain and sun,
When cut and plained and turned, it would make a Lambeg drum.


Among Ireland's bodhrán makers Eamon Maguire is almost a household name. His craftwork and Celtic art forms are exposed at sessions from Kerry to Killeavey or on TV screens around the world wherever the Irish soccer team may play. The names of craftsmen make their own statement: Frank Orr from Tandragee, Billy Hewitt from Belfast, Seamus O'Kane from Dungiven and Malachy Kearns from Galway.

My earliest recollection of the bodhrán being played is due to the Vallelys of Armagh. The Vallely family are synonymous with music and arts as the Mournes are with granite. They have built solid foundations on which many reputations have been built. Brian and Dara are accomplished musicians. Dara is member of the Armagh Rhymers and a recognised authority on masks and drumming.

In terms of gender the Lambeg is exclusively a male domain but that could be as much due to its size and shape than tradition. There is only one woman drummer in Ireland and she is Caroline Stewart from Armagh. Where else! As Rina points out Ireland is a 'gendered society, and the musical activities of women have indeed been left out of the historical records for a long time'.

But times are changing. Most bodhrán players are male and there has been a proliferation of them at fleadhs and sessions that some of the more puritan and refined types tend to turn a deafened ear to them. A difficult feat. But there is no single or double time drumming with the bodhrán. If you hear the 'The Old Sow's Trot to The Perterhole' in Lambeg single time and 'The Hens March to The Midden' with bodhrán backing you'd certainly know the difference.

Lambeg is derived from the Irish meaning 'small hand' and the word bodhrán means 'deafener'. Rina interestingly points out that in terms of gender the drum is seen as female, like a ship, and aspects of virility are associated with playing techniques, which from experience is very much the case; some men play it some men beat it.
Lastly into the equation comes the old goat, the central character.

When it comes to good drumming tone and sound the goatskin can't be beat. In myths and tales the goat has its own mysterious symbolism and you can see that in Ireland at the Puck Fair in Kerry. So it only fair to finish with some goatly aspirations enshrined in the following ranns by Brian O Rourke from Galway:

Oh I am a year old kid, I'm worth scarcely fifteen quid.
I'm the kind of beast that you might well look down on
But my value will increase at the time of my decease
For when I grow up I want to be a bodhrán

When I dedicate my hide I'll enhance the family pride,
And tradition is a thing I won't fall down on
For I'll bear a few young bucks who'll inherit my good looks
And be proud to know their ould one is a bodhrán.


Finally, I purchased a bodhrán myself in Listowel County Kerry the birthplace of the so-called 'All-Ireland' Fleadh but known also as the Part-Ireland Fleadh. For the sake of sessions but not to the detriment of drumming I have a special place for it; on the living room wall.

* The Lambeg and the Bodhrán by Rina Schiller is published by The Institute of Irish Studies Queen's University Belfast.

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